Traditional-tissue engineering approaches (Panel A) seed cells onto a three-dimensional biomaterial scaffold that serves as a framework for new tissue development (i). The scaffold degrades as new ...

Nanoscale structure-property relationships of biological materials, genetic and molecular origins of soft joint tissue diseases, biomaterials under extreme conditions, coupling between ...

3D bioprinting combines cells, growth factors, and biomaterials to fabricate biomedical parts. The process requires special “bio-inks,” often made of materials like alginate or gelatin. A key goal is ...