The association between migraine with aura and persistent foramen ovale (PFO), as well as other right-to-left shunts, is described. A hypothesis that might explain this association is discussed.

Several studies have demonstrated a strong association between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and migraine headache with aura (MHA). Preliminary data have shown substantial improvements in MHA severity ...

The prevalence of patent foramen ovale among patients with cryptogenic stroke is higher than that in the general population. Closure with a percutaneous device is often recommended in such patients, ...

The options for secondary prevention of cryptogenic embolism in patients with patent foramen ovale are administration of antithrombotic medications or percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale.

Introduction: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common anomaly of mitral valve with different incidence (using modern criteria) and different level of pathoanatomical abnormality. In most of the ...