The techniques associated with these regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are probably the most widely used for analytic work. The molecular substructures that are responsible for interacting with ...

Dielectric spectroscopy is a type of impedance spectroscopy that measures the dielectric properties of a system as a function of frequency. The external field interacts with the dipole moment of the ...

a The general pipeline of the RSPSSL scheme includes spectral training datasets, an RSGAN model, and an RSBPCNN model. b Visualization of a selected raw spectrum (Navy blue) and its corresponding ...

Providing such a wide range of techniques ensures that samples are analysed by the most economical method, depending on the type of material, the form of the sample and the level of accuracy required.